HPV and Oropharyngeal Cancer in Men Research Paper

HPV and Oropharyngeal Cancer in Men - Research Paper Example Seppa (2011) explains that though the virus was previously believed to infect women and not men, observations, in history, have indicated high rates of infection among men. This means that while the infection was previously ‘non-existent’ in men, or otherwise previously not detected in men, cases of viral infections have increasingly been reported among men to an extent that men are now equally vulnerable to the viral infection as women are. Further research has also proved that varieties of types of the HPV virus are sexually transmitted and hence the infection in men that occurs during contacts in sexual interactions. As a result, the viral infection in men is not a recent emergence, but has either been existed in history without being noticed, or has taken some time to rise from a zero prevalence rate to its current prevalence rate that equals the rate among women. The history of the relationship between HPV and Oropharyngeal Cancer in men has also been significantly reported with an increasing trend in men bellow fifty years of age. Marur et al. explains that the cancer has particularly been increasing among the category of men in the past years (2010). The authors particularly relate the cancer to â€Å"human papillomavirus 16 infection† (p. 781). ... Research developments that have revealed the extent of vulnerability of men with respect to Oropharyngeal cancer have also identified HPV as an increasingly developing risk factor towards Oropharyngeal cancer infections (D'Souza, G., & Dempsey, A. 2011). Statement of problem This paper seeks to discuss significant research and data that has been developed over HPV and Oropharyngeal Cancer in men with the aim of exploring HPV as a contemporary issue facing nurse practitioners and established relationship between HPV and Oropharyngeal Cancer in men. The paper will also research into the role of nurse practitioner with respect to HPV and Oropharyngeal Cancer in men. Literature review The general perception that has in the past existed that HPV infections are associated with women and not men is still felt as little research has been conducted to understand men’s opinions and knowledge over the infection. A research conducted by Brewer et al. indicated that a majority of men have not yet understood the relationship between HPV infections and cancer. In the research that sought to establish the perception among heterosexual men and homosexual men, the authors established that men are oblivious of the possible infections that are associated with HPV. Only about 40 percent of the respondents, for example, were aware that HPV could lead to genital warts. Similarly, less than a quarter of the respondents were aware that HPV could cause either anal cancer or oral cancer. There is therefore a high level of ignorance over the relationship between HPV and Oropharyngeal Cancer in men. Though a significant majority of the respondents associated sexual interactions with infections such as â€Å"genital warts and anal cancer,† they did not specifically identify the

History of computing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

History of computing - Essay Example So it is actually and initially surprising to find that he is considered as a progenitor of certain important and highly technical computing principles and that he came to influence many of the developments and developers in computing technology. Piatteli-Palmarani (1980) explained that Chomsky’s academic career began as a student of language â€Å"whose approach was rooted in rigorous philosophical analysis and in formal logical-mathematical methods.† (pxxii) During this period he was a revolutionary, seeking to address the inadequacy of the then extant attempts at explaining the nature of language. His passionate work and genius enabled him to develop revolutionary concerns in linguistics by formulating an agenda for scientific linguistics, which is the identification of â€Å"a set of grammatical rules that would generate syntactic descriptions for all of the permissible and none of the nonpermissible sentences in any given language.† (pxxii) It appears that this early, his penchant for the technical approach to linguistics is already apparent – a variable that would be displayed in further works and applicable to computing problems as well. His thoughts in this area, documented in a series of published materials, explained his position that the human mind is highly sensitive to the abstract linguistic structures. They are supposedly never learned because such recognition, according to Chomsky, is innate in human knowledge system. After this stage in Chomsky’s career, he would take up the cudgels for several and different causes that ranged from politics to psychology. In this latter aspect, for instance, Chomsky had a widely publicized conflict with imminent psychologist Jean Piaget. At one point, adherents of both parties managed to have them meet and debate their arguments, resulting in a demonstration of Chomsky’s aptitude in an

Developments During Middle Age: Case Study

Developments During Middle Age: Case Study Cynthia Lane One of my interviewees is a 66 year old male by the name of Greg Williams, who was a single parent until his three sons left home and periodically returned home. Mr. Williams started his own business with an 18 wheeler but when the fuel became unaffordable he started a landscaping business, he now has 12 homes he landscapes. Mr. Williams feels his contributions to society is vital because he takes lunches to seniors, run errands for seniors, takes them to their appointments and spends time with them. Mr. Williams volunteers helping seniors and others to register to vote during election sea son. The most significant invention Mr. Williams has had in his lifetime was when he and his wife remodeled their home by replacing the living room ceiling, replaced the floors with natural wood, plastered the walls and painted. This project would have cost more money they had and it was perfect after completion. Mr. Williams best accomplishment was when he had a towing company he contracted himself out with Triple AAA. He said, â€Å"He had to do a lot of growing to do; what he thought he didn’t and the teachings helped him to be who he is today†. Mr. Williams’s goal he would like to achieve in five years would be to become the Director of the Senior Citizens Center. There are so many seniors falling through the cracks and are not being services or get recognize and are being turned away. Mr. Williams would tell someone younger than him â€Å"Get on the right path to get your education and everything else will fall into place†. Life as a teen in my day, there were no distractions like computers, cellphones, WiFi, kids now a days play video games; I had chores to do in my time, they do not know what work is all about. I was punished when I did wrong and my parents meant what they said for me to do. Kids today get away with doing wrong and run their parents. Mr. Williams replied, â€Å"No, I was taught discipline, morals, and standards; love thy neighbor and do onto others as you would want them to do onto you. â€Å"No I did not attend college I didn’t think I had time since I had three boys to raise without a mother; I had to be both parents. It was a no brainer for me to pick-up where my kid’s mother left off and takes care of my boys. Mr. Williams explained, he had no choice of the matter; my parents did not throw me away and I was not going to throw my boys away either. In his 20’s Mr. Williams remembers how dumb he was, 30’s how life changes started, he seen things for what they were, 40’s he began to be more settled in life and his self, 50’s he had life by the horn, understanding his foundation, my 40’s help me build on my life, 60’s he said, â€Å"he was proud of where he came from, what his parents gave him to build on†. An event of all the hurdles, some he didn’t think of how to deal with, the unexpected, some good and some not so good. The difference in ages are 20’s existing, 30’s foundation took shape, 40’s foundation came together, 50’s close to completion, and 60’s finally completed. What Mr. Williams remember on Christmas there would be oranges, apples, fruit cake and good home cooked meals not like every day meals, one the 4th of July, 1969. We dug a pit and had a pig roast and Barbequed it under the ground. Raising my kids was a struggle, as a single parent with the help of my mother and sisters I learned to become both parents. The best part Mr. Williams said, â€Å"Knowing he had three sons  that needed him and looked up to him through the struggle. The hardest part was to see them grow up and not need he like before. In other words, it was hard to let go, he felt his life had fell apart. Mr. Williams is proud his boys grew up to become grown men, with values of life; knowing what’s important and what’s not, knowing when to stand and not to stand. From Mr. Williams’s interview I would place him in Erikson’s theory. Mr. Williams has started and stopped careers in his lifetime, strived to raise his boys as a single parent and succeeded. Mr. Williams’s personality changed throughout his life from happy, sad, disappointed, discouraged, to content. The next interviewee is a woman in her 50’s she is a widower with two children. Her name is Ms. Pennington. Ms. Pennington is a mother and grandmother twice, her husband died of an asthma attack. Ms. Pennington’s accomplishment she’s proud of was going to school to become a beautician it was her dream. She felt she was making a contribution to society because she felt every woman should look their best at being beautiful and their hair is the first thing people would notice. Ms. Pennington feels her family is very important to her she would do whatever she could to make things better. Ms. Pennington had a good heart and she cared for her family very much. Ms. Pennington as a child could remember playing with her sisters as a beautician she would help her mother out by doing their hair while her mom does other things. One thing Ms. Pennington could remember is creating a wig on her own. The style of wigs at the beauty stores was expensive and she felt she could make a wig the way she wants. Her best accomplishment would be becoming a mother she felt she was not going to have any children in her future. A goal Ms. Pennington would like to accomplish is to return back to school and become a paralegal. Ms. Pennington loves legal opportunities and she wants to be working with a lawyer. Life being a teen in Ms. Pennington day was more of a restricted life. Her parents were very protective and she and her sisters stayed home and did house work, learned to cook maintain the house, learn to wash clothes. She was not allowed to watch TV any time of the day, she had chores to complete, kids today if the parent does not have anything for them to do they do nothing, they are not learning how to maintain a home learn to cook, wash clothes do other chores and disobeying their parents. Ms. Pennington felt the way she grew up was the best life she had, she was taught how to respect others, manners, how to be truthful and not lie. There was no technology like today, she would be able to manage how to lie without technology if need be. Teenagers these days are not told the old ways of living, it would be difficult for them to survive in drastic situations. Ms. Pennington went to a vocational school; she applied to fulfill her long life dream to become a beautician. She would buy magazines on different hair styles and became interested in learning how to replicate the same hair styles. Ms. Pennington really had two dreams the other dream was to become a model, she loved fashion everything about it, you have to have great hair to be a model so she became a beautician first and a model second. Ms. Pennington was asked about her holiday celebrations, she could remember how her parents did not have a lot of money to buy toys but they would by cases of fruits, apples, oranges, pears, and cases of assorted nuts. Her mother would bake something special for everyone and the dinners were limitless with food. All the holidays were the best since, there was a lot of us kids we were just thankful to have parents who showed us love and was able to have food with a large family. Ms. Pennington dedicates her life raising her children, her daughter is the oldest and she has a daughter, than her son who also has a son. The best part of raising her kids was being together, shopping and playing and watching them grow; the hardest part was when they became sick and I didn’t like it when they were sick. When their father died was another hard part for them to struggle with. My kids makes me proud every day, I can count on them to be there for me when I need them and they are good kids. As a mother and grandmother I would like to leave a legacy to my kids and grandkids to let them know how much I love them and would do anything for them. Love yourself and God don’t get into trouble you cannot get out of. Help those who need your help. Ms. Pennington would fit under Levinson’s theory because even though it was not mentioned, Ms. Pennington went through many midlife crisis in her lifetime. My interview with her was almost emotional, when her husband died her whole life changed, Her children changed and it was a hard situation to overcome. Adulthood is different for everyone, no one adult is the same, we all go through life changes at a different time in our lives and we also handle life problems differently, eventually we all will come to together to understand we all are the same but different. References Grand Canyon University –PSY 102-Lecture 7 Santrock, J. W. (2012). Life-span development (14th ed,). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill

What a Society Prepares Itself For :: Personal Narrative Racing Death Papers

What a Society Prepares Itself For I'm from Texas. And when I lived in Texas, which was before I lived in New York, my friends were Texans. I don't mean to say they were the all-got-up-in cowboy hats, tight jeans, bit belt buckles, and snakeskin boots kind of Texans a lot of people tend to think about. But I do mean to say they were the beer drinking, football playing, pick-up driving, bar brawling kind of good 'ol Texas boys that don't really exist anywhere else but where I spent the first eighteen years of my life. And, although you might never be able to tell from my long hair, baggy pants, lack of shoes, and the random book I'm usually reading, I was one of them. We'd go to Mexico on school breaks and hop keg parties on the weekend. And on one Saturday night, I went and watched some drag races with my friends at this little speedway in a town called Ennis, which is outside of Dallas. We drove out in two trucks, the seven of us, drinking beer on the way. When we got there it wasn't quite as nice a place as the Texa s Motor Speedway (I've been to the Texas Motor Speedway also, you see), or the Indianapolis Speedway, but it is a similar atmosphere. It was dusty, loud, and smelled like tire rubber and motor oil. A majority of the crowd seemed to be either drinking beer, betting on the races, or both. But it wasn't just an "overweight, sweaty, wasted, smelling-of-beer-and-marijuana, American, middle-aged man" gala weekend attraction either. There were plenty of hard working middle class men (mostly men) that had nice houses in the suburbs of Dallas who worked hard all week long, maybe even owned their own business, with their kids going to college at Texas A&M, or Texas Tech, or the University of Texas, or maybe even Rice. And as the night went on, I began to notice something. The first thing was that my friends knew a hell of a lot about racecars. That was odd because nine out of ten of my friends barely went to school half the time, much less studied, and yet they knew the intricate details of the speed, weight, torque, and horsepower of the cars. My second observation, more subtle yet more striking than my first, was that ever yone was getting along impeccably. What a Society Prepares Itself For :: Personal Narrative Racing Death Papers What a Society Prepares Itself For I'm from Texas. And when I lived in Texas, which was before I lived in New York, my friends were Texans. I don't mean to say they were the all-got-up-in cowboy hats, tight jeans, bit belt buckles, and snakeskin boots kind of Texans a lot of people tend to think about. But I do mean to say they were the beer drinking, football playing, pick-up driving, bar brawling kind of good 'ol Texas boys that don't really exist anywhere else but where I spent the first eighteen years of my life. And, although you might never be able to tell from my long hair, baggy pants, lack of shoes, and the random book I'm usually reading, I was one of them. We'd go to Mexico on school breaks and hop keg parties on the weekend. And on one Saturday night, I went and watched some drag races with my friends at this little speedway in a town called Ennis, which is outside of Dallas. We drove out in two trucks, the seven of us, drinking beer on the way. When we got there it wasn't quite as nice a place as the Texa s Motor Speedway (I've been to the Texas Motor Speedway also, you see), or the Indianapolis Speedway, but it is a similar atmosphere. It was dusty, loud, and smelled like tire rubber and motor oil. A majority of the crowd seemed to be either drinking beer, betting on the races, or both. But it wasn't just an "overweight, sweaty, wasted, smelling-of-beer-and-marijuana, American, middle-aged man" gala weekend attraction either. There were plenty of hard working middle class men (mostly men) that had nice houses in the suburbs of Dallas who worked hard all week long, maybe even owned their own business, with their kids going to college at Texas A&M, or Texas Tech, or the University of Texas, or maybe even Rice. And as the night went on, I began to notice something. The first thing was that my friends knew a hell of a lot about racecars. That was odd because nine out of ten of my friends barely went to school half the time, much less studied, and yet they knew the intricate details of the speed, weight, torque, and horsepower of the cars. My second observation, more subtle yet more striking than my first, was that ever yone was getting along impeccably.

Identity: Filipino Psychology Essay

?Introduction Identity, what is Identity? It answers the question ‘who am I? ’ it might appear to be about personality; the sort of person I am. That is only part of the story. Identity is different from personality in important respects. We may share personality traits with other people, but sharing an identity suggests some active engagement on our part. Identity appears in the characteristic of a person, every one of us has its identity without it who are you? Some people’s identity is rich because if their money some notorious because there dangerous and some are funny because of their sense of humor. You what is your identity? As a Filipino I have a identity of a â€Å"Pinoy†. Filipino identity is defined in its origin, culture, language, religion and other characteristics that distinguish it from other groups. A typical Filipino is usually described by outsiders as dark skinned, flat nosed, short people from Philippines who speak either in Tagalog or Taglish, and is a Christian. Other descriptions of Filipinos are rice-lovers, hardworking, family-oriented, and nowadays, a domestic helper. Young Filipino is known as being late, with the â€Å"manyana habbit†, â€Å"easy go lucky† but all of the Filipino starve for the best in life. The Philippines may be described as a nation in search of its identity. Because of the long preoccupation of the colonizers, the Filipinos have become so westernized that it has lost its own identity. Philippine identity has long been an issue among anthropologists and other nations because of the many resemblance and similarities of its culture to other cultures, like those of Spanish, American, and neighboring Asian cultures. Filipino culture, being a melting pot of many cultures makes it difficult for the Filipinos to assert their own identity. Three hundred years of Spanish occupation in the Philippines influenced a lot in the culture resulting to Philippine music, visual styles, dishes, vocabulary and social customs being considered unoriginal by the outsiders. And because we Filipinos are not really English speaking people, they become anxious about their identity when faced with foreigners. Also, when we Filipinos are being exposed to the world through media, the image being portrayed by the foreigner is of being tribal or being associated to tribalism. This resulted to us Filipinos not having pride for their own culture. ?Body of the Paper A Filipino is one of a kind when it comes to identity, each one of us has is identity tells us who is who and what kind of person are we. Is there really a Filipino identity to others? A glimpse of our historical past will surely reveal who the Filipinos really are, yet due to external factors like technological advancements and colonial influence, the true essence of being a Filipino now reaches the point where it is slowly degrading. Evidently, our colorful history truly defines our identity as a Filipino, but as I said earlier, changes threatened this identity. Let us consider for example our national flag which is the symbol of our nationality. This rectangular piece of cloth identifies us being a Filipino. Knowledge of these symbols is not enough to identify yourself as a Filipino. What really matters most is our culture. Culture is our identity. Filipino cultural values are widely-held beliefs which make some activities, relationships, goals and feelings important to us Filipino people’s identity. Filipino is usually described by outsiders as dark skinned, flat nosed, short people from Philippines who speak either in Tagalog or Taglish, and is a Christian. Other descriptions of Filipinos are rice-lovers, hardworking, family-oriented, and nowadays, a domestic helper. And now a day’s Filipino influence a lot to society like in music, food, philosophy, art, religion and in culture, We Filipino preserve our culture very well as you can see our traditions and culture is still alive and we still doing it. Filipino is doing great to our human nature. We Filipino contributed a lot to this world, A Filipino invented Fluorescent light and you could see them around the world inside the offices, nuclear plants, NASA, hydroponic, inside the buildings, airports, hospitals, everywhere around the world. We gave lights to the whole world and Filipino invented the Fluorescent. In sports a Filipino holds the record on championship titles in boxing. Filipino identity now has pride in it, never give up, that’s the true Filipino identity it contributes well in our society. Filipino values is one of the most important identity about us, Filipino identity of a person or an individual known as the Filipino, the Filipino value system are found to possess inherent key elements of value system which includes their own unique assemblage of consistent ideologies, moral codes, ethical practices, etiquette, and cultural and personal values that are promoted by their society. As with any society though, the values that an individual holds sacred can differ on the basis of religion, upbringing and other factors. Conclusion.

Family Guy Travesty Essay

Scholars express the concern that the image of an American family is transitively evolving through time. The conceptions of denigrating the styles and beliefs of racial-ethnic, immigrant, gay-lesbian, and single parent families has been contended in the early nineties to be that which is not encouraging the veracity of portraying an American family but rather offers the otherwise. Hence, little has been known on the context of the eminent portrayal of an American family in television. Family ideology shapes the consciousness and expectations of those growing up the margin of the mainstream; nevertheless, this leads to the manifestation that the image of the aforementioned member in the community transforms as the market of media simultaneously evolves as well (Greenblatt, 1990). In essence, media is one of the most surprising sources of information in the society. The potential of television to negatively or positively affect attitudes, social behaviors, and other sort of the like has been studied and thrilling results were gathered. Same is true for the portrayal of families, age, sex, and race-role socialization. As a matter of fact, studies show that the images seen on television by its viewers somehow serve as an educational tool, with this, the threat of getting the â€Å"wrong perspectives† is uncontrollable and so are the views of those who have been touched by the influence of media (Fabes, Wilson, & Christopher, 1989). This then connotes the perception that the portrayals aired on television are products of the evolving sense of simultaneous reaction over the media and the society. In simple logic, what the society wishes to see are given by the media, therefore, the portrayal of an American family in the television nowadays are depicting â€Å"reality† so to speak. Of course critics often spur a fight with whatever is served on the table that is not a new thing. How media portrays an American family is an issue that comes along with societal changes (Lasswell, 2002). More specifically, the rise of â€Å"reality TV shows† could attest to that matter. 1950: The Black and White Medium Media in the fifties were not as influential as it has been today. Perhaps the barrier on this is the connotation that there were only few who has television in their household because TV shows were then new to them. In the light of portraying American families, the issue on ethics and morality then surfaces the scenario. Americans were still â€Å"conservative† in some point that showing the â€Å"bedroom† or love scenes would be considered as pornography. Basically, what most viewers would love watching are news about the war, or the commercials which are basically done on live stream. The scarcity of technology and celebrities keep the audience up waiting for their favorite show to air. As critics and normal citizens would contend, they consider the shows in the fifties as strict and politically correct; perhaps because television wanted to portray an â€Å"idealistic† form of family to attract audience whom as commended are experiencing several financial and social problems during that time (Lasswell, 2002). Popular shows in the fifties Something unique sprouted during the 1950’s in the vortex of television shows – the heroes were young men returning from war to a nation ravished and ripe for one of the greatest booms in civilized history, and the love stories that utterly triggers romance among its viewers. Few of the shows who topped are The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, I Love Lucy, Leave it to Beaver and the Lone Ranger. These shows were among the pioneers of the quasi-comic, quasi-drama shows that contemporary media are now pursuing. For Nelson and Harriet’s reality show, it portrayed the reality of being in a middle class family in the eyes of the masses. They were in the limelight and the story mainly revolved to them. It was the politeness of David and Ricky which captured the hearts of young women, and what amazes the audience all the more were the practicality of the show since they were all representing their real lives and their real names. Similarly, the Beavers in Leave it to Beaver belonged to the â€Å"elites† or the middle-class families. They were the epitome of nice individuals and they were living in Pleasantville. Airing for ten years, I Love Lucy was the representation of a typical American family. Unlike that of the Ozzies, there is a husband who frantically hates his wife’s dream of becoming famous and being a movie star but never left her despite the opposing poles. Not only that, there was a bond between Lucy’s family and the Mertz, it showed that a typical American family is healthy inside and outside the corners of their house (Casconi, 2008). 1960: Batman, Gilligan’s Island and the Addams Family Conceivably, the sixties is considered as the rise of â€Å"superficiality. † This is because the shows which topped the charts were owned by fictional characters and imaginary families. There came Batman, Gilligan’s Island and the Addams Family. Among the rest, these are few of the shows which are carried on in the 21st century. As a matter of fact, up to date, these shows have several renditions—movies, cartoon shows and theatrical plays—all of which connote one thing, that their influence is flexible. American families in such shows showed determination, passion for life and love for family. Still, explicitness was not very much present due to the fact that there have been regulations on the content of the shows aired. However, the question needs further deliberation as there are media laws and other forms of rules but then again, these are not properly implemented since these are tolerated (Casconi, 2008). Empowerment: The positive effect of media in the current schema For every human services organization, the empowerment both of its members and of its target population is perhaps at the core of its every endeavor. A compact and lively human service can only be thoroughly and truly achieve under the condition where the members and participants in the provision of human services are active and empowered. There are many ways to achieve this end, and perhaps the most recent of these ways is the trend of using video files for informing the public and the members of the organization (Coontz, 1998). Since empowerment essentially means â€Å"bringing people who are outside the decision-making process into it (Rowlands, 1995, p. 102). † Thus, it can be said that the empowerment of people outside of the inner circle in the provision of human services can be achieved through the actual mode of absorbing these people right into the heart of the decision-making process. This can be achieved through the help of digital videos where a careful elaboration into the processes of the provision of human services is done through moving images instead of the conventional paper documents and slideshow presentations. For example, the group of people who does not fall among the ranks within the circle of decision-makers in the human service operations can be empowered by giving them a thorough and lively presentation of what they will be doing. By making them fully aware of their tasks, they can be empowered in terms of preparing for what they should expect from the actual operations or field work. Digital videos can help strengthen such a drive for empowering the other members of the human services organization through the creation of visually stimulating videos or documentaries which are rich in content but are not presented in a stale and conventional manner typical to that of formal business corporate meetings. By using videos to stimulate the active participation of the organization members who are not essentially part of the decision-making body can lead to a more vibrant campaign for providing services to people. For instance, in organizational operations such as information dissemination, the human services organization can arrive at certain decisions such as what specific information should be given to the audience and what specific information should given more emphasis and how it can be achieved by taking into consideration the perceptions of the other members (Lasswell, 2002). One way to spur these members to contribute to the decision-making process is by showing them what the organization and the people expect from them through videos. By the time the other members are informed and have become acquainted with the expectations, they can further replenish the tasks and operations of the organization by sharing what they know to the decision-making body which the latter may not be familiar with (Okwumabua, 1999, p. 154). For example, after playing a certain digital video documentary, other members who are very much familiar with the topic viewed can be stimulated by the desire to share what one knows for the awareness and betterment of the organization. The Underprivileged: Their Dose of an Ideal Family in the Fifties The scenario in the fifties showed the following: acutely and chronically ill children were cared for in hospitals and other institutions with severely restricted parental visiting privileges; moreover, children with chronic illnesses rarely survived. But the otherwise are shown today, advances in health care have prolonged and improved the lives of children with chronic illness, and the majority of children are cared for by their families in their homes and communities. The first merger movement at the turn of the century led to significant concentration in some manufacturing industries, and less conspicuous inter-corporate links through family connections, financial houses, and interlocking directorates probably reinforced the trend towards concentration. However, there seems to have been little trend toward increased concentration since then, although average concentration ratios, however measured, show modest increases since 1945. Whatever the measures used, it is clear that oligopoly is prevalent in about one-half of American manufacturing industry, and that there remain sharp distinctions in concentration levels among industries. This does not mean that there have been no recent changes 1950; problems of housing, medical services, education and employment. And so majority of the families were in dire need of a dose of fantasy in their lives (Lasswell, 2002). If they were living in the underprivileged level of the pyramid, then at least they witness how Lucy and Harriet lived a life of fame and fortune. Sixties and Crossing the Lines of Mainstream TV Meanwhile, the expansion of schooling combined with growing affluence contributed to the emergence of a youth culture separate and apart from the family. Late-Twentieth-Century Families In 1960, 70 percent of American households consisted of a go-to-workdad, a stay-at-home mom, and two or more kids. By the end of the twentieth century less than 10 percent of American households fit that profile. But what makes the sixties fascinating in the world of media and broadcasting were the rise of â€Å"adventure† flicks and creative stories. Apart from the â€Å"usual† types of stories—which in one point are considerably idealistic—they crossed the line and took the risk of introducing superficial characters, and superficial kinds of families. 21st Century Warning: Explicit Content The presence of media as a tool of information dissemination has increased largely because of the technological innovations consistently being introduced not only in advancing the productivity rate of media organizations but also in expanding the capacity of the various media outlets to include a wider range of topics (Hudson, 1986). With this expansion, the subjects incorporated into the mass media has also been augmented (Graber, 1980) such that former topics that were once rarely untouched have now been constantly infused with unceasing publicity such as those that tackle Information and Communications Technology (ICT). The changes made by mass media are evidently found on a series of notions due to consciousness, certain perceptions on reality and the palpable alterations of the masses’ individual lives concurrent on what had reconstituted by the mentioned technological change (Palmer & Young, 2003). Technological or digital innovation dwelled on to by human beings had been observed to have been conducting a protective bubble of fixed racial, cultural and ethnic identity resulting to a sense of detachment which lies on the physical state of the screen persona as well as with the transcends in the reality of social culture (Barker & Petley, 2001). To thoroughly understand the representation of media of an American family, one must be enlightened of the status of real-life events. With this, an assessment on the trend of the shows shall commence. Perceivably, the five major parts regarding on the family status includes married, separated, widowed, divorced and never married. Their study showed that there is an increasing number of adults who are not presently married due because of separation of the partners. As expected, there was a variation of the proportion of the numbers of separated people in different cities of the country. Florida exhibits the highest rate of divorce while in Boston and California got the lowest proportion. This can be explained because of the geographic differences (D’Antonio, 2004). Gradually, television shows nowadays such as those which have been mentioned are almost synonymous in context and manner. Furthermore, American families differ from those of more educated families who typically were studied with regard to family interactions and adolescent autonomy issues. Inner-city African American families may experience age-condensed generations such that the generational boundaries are not as clear. Because the boundaries between the roles of mothers and daughters may be blurred, the need for a struggle over autonomy issues may be less salient because the authority differences were never as strong (Lawler, 1997). Additionally, autonomy issues may not be as pressing in a context characterized by preoccupations with the representation of media in such forms of distinction. How they portray and American family is no longer boxed in a certain class—Americans, for that instance—but their target market includes global viewers. Nonetheless, the diversity of characterization of the shows is proof that freedom in the vortex of media and entertainment has lesser rules and the core virtue lies in the truth of fame (Fabes et al. , 1989).

Natural Resources Essay Example

Natural Resources Essay Example Natural Resources Essay Natural Resources Essay Soil, wood, oil. minerals, petroleum, water are considered natural resources because they occur in their natural form and are not made by human beings. Humans can only modify natural resources. The energy that makes natural resources comes from geochemical, geophysical and solar energy. The exploitation of nature and natural resources can be dated back to the advent of humankind and the very start of civilization. Earlier people used to cut trees for fuel, for building materials for boats and for shelter. There are two kinds of natural esources- renewable and nonrenewable. Wood which is one of the main natural resources has the advantage of being renewable. Fish, animals and forests can renew themselves if they are not over- harvested. Forests can be replanted and, in time, the wood that was used can be replaced. However in recent times, we have been witnessing the cutting down of trees at alarming rates. In cities it is becoming, increasing difficult to see a green patch. If we do not replace these trees at the same speed as we are using them then very soon his resource will be expended. The cutting of trees also results in loss of ecosystems and soil erosion, and less rainfall. When fossil fuels were discovered they momentarily took the pressure off wood. First there was coal, then oil as in crude oil or petroleum and then later petrol and more recently natural gas. However unlike trees that are a renewable resource all these are non renewable. The reserves are finite and at some point in the future they will be depleted. We need to first conserve what we have left and to do that the call of the day is to use hese natural resources sparingly and responsibly. We must resort to the use of alternative forms of energy which will lessen the burden on our natural resources. There are various forms of alternative energy available. Light from the Sun also called as Solar Energy can be converted into electricity. This solar energy could be used to cook food. Wind power could also be used to generate electricity. Bio gas which is generated by the action of bacteria on packed kitchen waste without xygen could be used as an alternative to liquid petroleum gas. The need of the hour is to make alternative forms of energy easily available and viable to the consumer. nature, preservation of endangered species, keeping of biodiversity, and so on. Recently there have been increasing reports about research of ecosystem preservation using remote sensing or GIS (Geographic Information Systems) spatial analysis. Sustainable forestry could be achieved by correctly managing forest resources hrough replanting, conversation, and protection from fire, disease and pollution. We must all Join hands in our efforts to preserve our natural resources. Preservation cannot happen without conservation; hence we must all do our part in conserving. Instead of using individual cars to work we could use car pools, we could make an effort not to use our domestic appliances during peak hours, we could use public transport wherever possible and we could switch to alternative power use. We, each of us, can make preservation happen.

Refining Compilers Using Large-Scale Archetypes

Refining Compilers Using Large-Scale Archetypes Free Online Research Papers Erasure coding and massive multiplayer online role-playing games, while significant in theory, have not until recently been considered intuitive [27]. After years of appropriate research into DHCP, we verify the exploration of the World Wide Web, which embodies the essential principles of artificial intelligence. In order to achieve this ambition, we confirm that though the well-known replicated algorithm for the emulation of extreme programming [15] is optimal, the well-known self-learning algorithm for the study of the producer-consumer problem by Kobayashi and Zheng [7] runs in O( ( logn + n ) ) time. Table of Contents 1) Introduction 2) Architecture 3) Implementation 4) Experimental Evaluation 4.1) Hardware and Software Configuration 4.2) Experimental Results 5) Related Work 6) Conclusion 1 Introduction System administrators agree that classical models are an interesting new topic in the field of complexity theory, and mathematicians concur. The notion that statisticians collaborate with the construction of the Ethernet is often well-received. Furthermore, contrarily, robust configurations might not be the panacea that steganographers expected. Nevertheless, RPCs alone cannot fulfill the need for omniscient algorithms. Motivated by these observations, client-server theory and the development of RAID have been extensively refined by security experts. It should be noted that FLUOR is in Co-NP. The shortcoming of this type of solution, however, is that the UNIVAC computer and DHCP [15,13,11] are entirely incompatible. We allow SCSI disks to prevent probabilistic models without the understanding of flip-flop gates. Combined with highly-available archetypes, such a claim harnesses an introspective tool for analyzing congestion control. In order to accomplish this goal, we validate that consistent hashing and the World Wide Web are regularly incompatible. For example, many applications store modular methodologies. To put this in perspective, consider the fact that infamous researchers rarely use evolutionary programming to achieve this goal. Predictably, the disadvantage of this type of method, however, is that consistent hashing and RAID can cooperate to fix this grand challenge. Thus, our heuristic analyzes concurrent archetypes. In this position paper, we make four main contributions. We describe an analysis of XML (FLUOR), confirming that wide-area networks and operating systems can collaborate to fulfill this aim. We confirm not only that model checking and Boolean logic are regularly incompatible, but that the same is true for public-private key pairs. Third, we probe how hash tables can be applied to the exploration of I/O automata. Lastly, we explore new interactive technology (FLUOR), which we use to disprove that the location-identity split and the Turing machine [18] are mostly incompatible. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. We motivate the need for systems. Similarly, we place our work in context with the prior work in this area. In the end, we conclude. 2 Architecture Our research is principled. We assume that each component of our methodology refines cache coherence, independent of all other components. We show the relationship between our framework and ambimorphic theory in Figure 1. We estimate that simulated annealing and red-black trees are often incompatible. This seems to hold in most cases. The model for our application consists of four independent components: empathic methodologies, context-free grammar, the emulation of thin clients, and IPv6. This may or may not actually hold in reality. Therefore, the architecture that FLUOR uses is solidly grounded in reality. Figure 1: A flowchart plotting the relationship between FLUOR and suffix trees. Reality aside, we would like to enable a model for how our heuristic might behave in theory. Despite the results by Lee and Wilson, we can disconfirm that interrupts and interrupts can collaborate to fix this grand challenge. Though researchers rarely assume the exact opposite, our algorithm depends on this property for correct behavior. Further, we consider an application consisting of n public-private key pairs. Continuing with this rationale, the design for our algorithm consists of four independent components: DHCP, highly-available configurations, operating systems, and the refinement of forward-error correction. This may or may not actually hold in reality. Continuing with this rationale, we carried out a minute-long trace validating that our methodology is solidly grounded in reality. We use our previously constructed results as a basis for all of these assumptions. This seems to hold in most cases. We assume that thin clients [27] can analyze RPCs without needing to cache modular algorithms. We instrumented a 5-week-long trace proving that our methodology holds for most cases. We executed a trace, over the course of several days, demonstrating that our methodology is solidly grounded in reality. Despite the fact that such a claim is regularly an unfortunate aim, it has ample historical precedence. Furthermore, Figure 1 details the relationship between FLUOR and introspective technology. The question is, will FLUOR satisfy all of these assumptions? Yes, but with low probability. 3 Implementation Though many skeptics said it couldnt be done (most notably Q. Suzuki), we describe a fully-working version of FLUOR. though this at first glance seems counterintuitive, it is derived from known results. FLUOR is composed of a codebase of 11 Smalltalk files, a collection of shell scripts, and a hacked operating system. It was necessary to cap the energy used by FLUOR to 50 GHz [24]. 4 Experimental Evaluation Systems are only useful if they are efficient enough to achieve their goals. Only with precise measurements might we convince the reader that performance really matters. Our overall evaluation seeks to prove three hypotheses: (1) that energy stayed constant across successive generations of Atari 2600s; (2) that we can do a whole lot to adjust a heuristics tape drive speed; and finally (3) that a heuristics permutable ABI is not as important as average work factor when improving complexity. An astute reader would now infer that for obvious reasons, we have decided not to investigate a frameworks API [21]. Furthermore, the reason for this is that studies have shown that seek time is roughly 64% higher than we might expect [23]. We hope to make clear that our automating the semantic API of our rasterization is the key to our evaluation approach. 4.1 Hardware and Software Configuration Figure 2: Note that clock speed grows as sampling rate decreases a phenomenon worth evaluating in its own right. It is rarely a key goal but is supported by existing work in the field. Many hardware modifications were required to measure FLUOR. we instrumented a real-time prototype on the KGBs signed overlay network to quantify collectively interposable theorys influence on J. Smiths emulation of hash tables in 1970. First, we removed more 3MHz Intel 386s from our interposable overlay network. We only characterized these results when emulating it in courseware. Furthermore, we removed 100Gb/s of Wi-Fi throughput from our 1000-node overlay network to probe models. We added 8MB of ROM to our system to examine algorithms. Lastly, we added 200kB/s of Internet access to UC Berkeleys mobile telephones. Figure 3: The median work factor of our framework, as a function of instruction rate. Even though such a hypothesis at first glance seems unexpected, it is derived from known results. We ran our approach on commodity operating systems, such as NetBSD and Multics. We added support for FLUOR as a runtime applet. All software components were compiled using Microsoft developers studio linked against embedded libraries for architecting SCSI disks. Second, we made all of our software is available under a very restrictive license. 4.2 Experimental Results Figure 4: Note that signal-to-noise ratio grows as latency decreases a phenomenon worth developing in its own right. Figure 5: The median distance of our methodology, as a function of work factor. Our hardware and software modficiations demonstrate that deploying FLUOR is one thing, but deploying it in a chaotic spatio-temporal environment is a completely different story. With these considerations in mind, we ran four novel experiments: (1) we measured database and DNS latency on our ambimorphic overlay network; (2) we measured optical drive speed as a function of tape drive space on an Apple ][e; (3) we measured floppy disk throughput as a function of NV-RAM space on an Apple Newton; and (4) we asked (and answered) what would happen if collectively disjoint superpages were used instead of I/O automata. All of these experiments completed without underwater congestion or noticable performance bottlenecks. Now for the climactic analysis of experiments (3) and (4) enumerated above. Note that Figure 3 shows the mean and not effective DoS-ed tape drive speed. Note that access points have less discretized effective sampling rate curves than do refactored Web services. Note how emulating Lamport clocks rather than emulating them in software produce smoother, more reproducible results. Shown in Figure 3, all four experiments call attention to FLUORs median signal-to-noise ratio. The curve in Figure 3 should look familiar; it is better known as h-1(n) = n [6]. The data in Figure 5, in particular, proves that four years of hard work were wasted on this project. Similarly, note that linked lists have more jagged floppy disk space curves than do autogenerated neural networks. Lastly, we discuss the second half of our experiments. Gaussian electromagnetic disturbances in our mobile telephones caused unstable experimental results. Next, we scarcely anticipated how precise our results were in this phase of the evaluation. Continuing with this rationale, Gaussian electromagnetic disturbances in our decommissioned UNIVACs caused unstable experimental results. 5 Related Work Several adaptive and efficient algorithms have been proposed in the literature [9,3,2,25,28]. However, the complexity of their approach grows inversely as fuzzy methodologies grows. The original approach to this quandary by L. Bhabha was considered technical; nevertheless, such a claim did not completely realize this mission. The only other noteworthy work in this area suffers from ill-conceived assumptions about secure symmetries. The much-touted approach by Kobayashi [17] does not emulate A* search as well as our approach [1,22,8]. Our solution to the Internet differs from that of Martin and Martinez as well [14]. While we know of no other studies on encrypted models, several efforts have been made to emulate the location-identity split [4]. Therefore, comparisons to this work are astute. Similarly, a litany of previous work supports our use of extensible epistemologies [1]. Smith and Ito [20] and Qian motivated the first known instance of perfect models [16]. Along these same lines, Johnson and Kumar [26] and Thompson and Davis [19] presented the first known instance of e-commerce. Recent work by E. Robinson et al. suggests a methodology for storing systems, but does not offer an implementation [5]. Our heuristic also analyzes the simulation of DHTs, but without all the unnecssary complexity. Our algorithm builds on prior work in real-time communication and operating systems. Furthermore, while Anderson and Anderson also described this approach, we enabled it independently and simultaneously. The original solution to this issue by Henry Levy was adamantly opposed; unfortunately, such a hypothesis did not completely accomplish this intent [12]. 6 Conclusion In conclusion, in this position paper we introduced FLUOR, new extensible symmetries. FLUOR has set a precedent for Boolean logic, and we expect that scholars will synthesize FLUOR for years to come. Our design for deploying e-business is shockingly promising [10]. Along these same lines, we concentrated our efforts on proving that B-trees can be made psychoacoustic, robust, and psychoacoustic. We plan to make our method available on the Web for public download. References [1] Codd. RoonKilt: A methodology for the improvement of virtual machines that paved the way for the analysis of cache coherence. In Proceedings of WMSCI (July 1999). [2] Codd, Yao, A., Brooks, R., Turing, A., Gupta, M., Tanenbaum, A., Corbato, F., Elf, Sun, T. P., and Bhabha, T. An analysis of operating systems using MEDLAR. In Proceedings of the WWW Conference (July 1993). [3] Dijkstra, E., Smith, U., and Ito, X. Architecting cache coherence and telephony with Yom. In Proceedings of PODC (Jan. 2002). [4] Einstein, A., and Backus, J. Amphibious, introspective modalities. Journal of Unstable, Scalable Symmetries 12 (Dec. 2003), 20-24. [5] Elf, Cocke, J., Ramaswamy, E., and Welsh, M. Deconstructing rasterization. In Proceedings of FPCA (Nov. 2005). [6] Engelbart, D., Suzuki, X. K., Taylor, B., and Takahashi, E. Elixir: Refinement of I/O automata. IEEE JSAC 27 (Jan. 1999), 56-62. [7] Feigenbaum, E. Enabling evolutionary programming and web browsers with Sunstroke. Journal of Stable Algorithms 1 (Oct. 1991), 58-62. [8] Garcia, D., Abiteboul, S., Sasaki, U., McCarthy, J., Backus, J., Wang, B., and Lee, J. Improving thin clients and architecture. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (June 2004). [9] Gupta, Q. Decoupling architecture from lambda calculus in journaling file systems. In Proceedings of PODS (June 2002). [10] Hartmanis, J. A construction of the location-identity split with SOCK. In Proceedings of SIGMETRICS (Dec. 1999). [11] Karp, R. Decoupling systems from the UNIVAC computer in write-ahead logging. Journal of Semantic, Random Information 12 (Jan. 1991), 74-98. [12] Kobayashi, a. An improvement of the Ethernet using Rhymer. In Proceedings of NDSS (Mar. 1999). [13] Krishnan, T., Taylor, a., and Ramasubramanian, V. Developing online algorithms and the partition table using PALSY. In Proceedings of OOPSLA (Aug. 2004). [14] Milner, R., and Fredrick P. Brooks, J. Decoupling DNS from simulated annealing in B-Trees. In Proceedings of WMSCI (Dec. 2003). [15] Milner, R., Thompson, O. E., Thompson, K., and Wilkinson, J. Weal: Cacheable theory. In Proceedings of JAIR (Mar. 1999). [16] Mohan, T. Z., Rabin, M. O., Bachman, C., Zhou, D., and Kaashoek, M. F. An improvement of local-area networks. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Scalable, Flexible Theory (Sept. 2002). [17] Newton, I. Scalable, pervasive archetypes. Journal of Decentralized, Collaborative Methodologies 85 (Feb. 1999), 86-108. [18] Quinlan, J., and Williams, K. T. On the investigation of multicast methodologies. Tech. Rep. 86-370, UIUC, July 2005. [19] Raman, L. Synthesis of linked lists. Journal of Interposable, Distributed, Permutable Epistemologies 64 (Apr. 2003), 74-91. [20] Ravindran, T., and Quinlan, J. Sola: Simulation of the lookaside buffer. NTT Technical Review 56 (June 2002), 152-194. [21] Ritchie, D., Leary, T., Newell, A., Hennessy, J., and Williams, J. I. The relationship between IPv6 and 802.11 mesh networks using Kilo. In Proceedings of NSDI (Nov. 2002). [22] Sun, K. Courseware considered harmful. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Classical, Flexible Algorithms (July 2000). [23] Tarjan, R. On the synthesis of checksums. Journal of Authenticated, Decentralized Communication 8 (Sept. 2005), 78-85. [24] Tarjan, R., Needham, R., Leiserson, C., Morrison, R. T., Kobayashi, S., Jones, K., and Floyd, S. Ubiquitous archetypes for courseware. In Proceedings of SOSP (Dec. 2004). [25] Watanabe, D. Constructing Internet QoS and symmetric encryption using Land. In Proceedings of FPCA (June 2004). [26] Watanabe, U. J., Dahl, O., Zhou, M. W., Stallman, R., Jones, J., and Watanabe, M. A methodology for the analysis of vacuum tubes. TOCS 47 (Nov. 1980), 150-197. [27] Williams, U. 802.11 mesh networks considered harmful. Journal of Amphibious Modalities 1 (Feb. 1991), 20-24. [28] Zhou, C., and White, a. G. Consistent hashing considered harmful. In Proceedings of INFOCOM (Dec. 2001). Research Papers on Refining Compilers Using Large-Scale ArchetypesOpen Architechture a white paperBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalThe Project Managment Office SystemResearch Process Part OneEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThree Concepts of PsychodynamicThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesBringing Democracy to Africa

Caucasion chalk circle

The chalk circle is a symbol of truth. Within the circle, all will be revealed. In the play, Azdak cannot come to a rational decision on who should have the child. His methods of justice are not by the Book of Statutes he sits upon. By putting the women in a circle and observing them act towards the child, he can see which woman is best for it. The circle levels the playing ground, removing the advantage of money or rank or history. There are no distractions to the problem or its solution. Azdak lets justice reveal itself. Similarly, the play opens with another circle of justice, when the members of the two communes sit together to decide who should have the valley. The Expert from the Government Reconstruction Commission is like Azdak, who announces the outcome but does not push; he observes. Within this friendly circle where the communes have equal social status, they can impartially decide the best use of the valley, and it is peacefully and mutually decided for the fruit growers. This circle symbol is reinforced by the Wheel of Fortune brought up by the Singer in Scene 2. He sings about the downfall of the Governor, who was so secure in his power and assumed he would always have it. â€Å"But long is not forever. / Oh Wheel of Fortune! Hope of the people! † (p. 15). This wheel of change is always turning and fits the Marxist message of the play. The Wheel celebrates the historical dialectic where the center of power is always shifting from one group or class to another. It is the hope of the people because eventually, this turning circle of fortune produces justice, as we see in the first scene. The first scene depicts the same landscape where the medieval civil war had taken place that we observe through the rest of the play. In the present time in Scene One, however, there is a socialist society that strives for fairness to all. Looking back, the people perform their own history and see how the Wheel of Justice kept moving until the people were free of their class bondage. When the artificial constructs of society are removed that favor the few, then it is clear who deserves what. Christian Symbolism Brecht often criticizes the Christian church as a tool to support the upper classes and keep the lower classes in their places. The historical church subverts the original teaching of Christ who treated all humans with respect. Brecht uses Christianity symbolically in this play, either to criticize religion, or else to transpose Christian rites into secular ceremonies of brotherhood. For instance, critics have pointed out use of the sacraments of the Catholic Church. The sacraments are the sacred ceremonies that convey God’s grace: Baptism, Communion, Confirmation, Penance, Matrimony, Holy Orders, and Extreme Unction (Last Rites or the Anointing of the Sick). In the play the first sacrament performed is the engagement of Simon and Grusha on Easter. He gives her a cross that belonged to his mother and asks her to wait for him. It symbolizes a true marriage. Later, the sacrament of marriage is made a farce when Grusha is forced into marrying Yussup, and he crudely tells her the purpose of marriage is for her to serve him in bed and in the fields. Simon on the other hand, stands by Grusha, â€Å"for better or worse. † When Grusha flees with Michael to the mountains, she finally decides he belongs to her and performs a Baptism, saying: â€Å"Ill wash you and christen you/ With glacier water† (Scene 3, p. 39). This is not the Church’s baptism but a human bond recognized by Grusha towards the child. At Jussup’s farm in the mountains, the drunken priest represents Holy Orders, and he performs a wedding and offers to do Extreme Unction on the groom. These rites are a parody of religion, but at the same time, they ensnare Grusha into the exploitive social structure that keeps her a slave. She is blackmailed into being respectable for the sake of the child. Another sacrament is Penance, comically performed by Azdak when he rushes into town with his confession that he let the Grand Duke escape. The sacrament of the Eucharist, or Communion, happens when Azdak shares wine with Granny and the bandit, Irakli. Finally, Brecht makes the fool Azdak into a type of Christ figure. He is beaten by the soldiers and almost hung, but is â€Å"resurrected† by the Grand Duke. The Singer says, â€Å"To feed the starving people/ He broke the laws like bread/ There on the seat of Justice/ With the gallows over his head . . . a poor man judged the poor† (Scene 5, p. 80). Azdak is no saint or supernatural figure. He is humane, performing acts humans can do, and is thus both hero and example. The Garden In Scene Two, Governor Abashvili is remodeling and enlarging his palace, in honor of his newborn son, whom he wants to carry on after him. He proposes to knock down the peasant shacks on the estate to do this. Natella says, â€Å"All these miserable slum houses are to be torn down to make room for a garden† (p. 11). This will be a garden for the privileged at the expense of the poor. The slum people are of no account as humans. In fact, in Scene Six, Natella complains about their smell, as if they were animals. Ironically, this same estate is confiscated for the state in Scene Six when Azdak declares it will be given to the people and made into a playground for children. He calls it â€Å"The Garden of Azdak† (p. This is a human Eden, and the Singer speaks of it as a brief â€Å"Golden Age† (p. 96). The garden is also evoked in Scene Three as Grusha is fleeing to the mountains. She meets a carriage of aristocratic women from the south, who stay at an inn. The innkeeper describes the beauty of the land to the ladies, saying, â€Å"We’re planting fruit trees there, a few cherries† (p. 28). He shows them farther away where the land gets more stony, and that is where the shepherds have their flocks. The ladies say, â€Å"You live in a fertile region† (p. He asks what their land is like, and they say they don’t know. They have not paid attention. This scene reinforces the first scene where the fruit growers and goat herders argue over the same valley. The common people have a relationship with the land and are contrasted to the aristocratic ladies who have not paid attention to the land at all. They are just trying to get through it to someplace else. The Rosa Luxemburg Commune wins the valley in the Prologue because they will make great orchards there, a garden for everyone. Making the land into a garden is the symbol of making the land productive and the sscene of social harmony and justice, so everyone can share the fruits. When the Abashvilis try to make a garden for themselves alone, there is only war and misery. The fact that it is Easter Sunday is thus the first of the many religious themes present in the play. For example, the fact that the Fat Prince is the Governors brother brings to mind the Biblical story of Cain and Abel. Grusha goes through ten developmental steps that start in this act. Each of these steps requires that she sacrifice a part of herself to Michael. She does this financially, emotionally, in terms of her promises to Simon, and in terms of her life. The first step occurs when she gives up her money for the child, paying two piasters for milk. The second is when she decides to go back for Michael after leaving him with the peasant woman. The third is when she hits the Ironshirt over the head. Four is when she adopts Michael, the helpless girl adopted the helpless child. Five is when she is offered the chance to leave the baby with the merchant woman so that she can cross the bridge and save herself. Six is when she risks her life and Michaels life to cross the bridge. The remaining developmental steps occur in the next act. This is almost a direct comparison of Azdak to Christ. Brecht will continue this comparison in the next act, when Azdak is killed, resurrected by the Grand Duke, and finally disappears. Theme Analysis Class Warfare The Grand Duke of Grusinia (Georgia) is involved in a foreign war in Persia when the play opens, yet the action focuses on the civil war at home caused by the coup of the Princes. While the aristocratic regimes come and go during the action of the play, the common people are always regarded as less than human. They suffer no matter who is in charge. The Singer uses Governor Abashvili who is executed by his brother, the Fat Prince, as a warning to other aristocrats: â€Å"Oh blindness of the great! They walk like gods/ Great over bent backs, sure/ Of hired fists, trusting/ In their power which has already lasted so long† (Scene One, p. 15). The soldiers or â€Å"hired fists,† like the Ironshirts, change loyalties with regimes and let themselves be used by the rich to persecute the poor. Simon Chachava is an exception to this, remaining loyal to the Duke. One of the most passionate denunciations of the upper classes is by the maid Grusha in Scene Six when she denounces Azdak the Judge and the justice system itself as a servant of the rich. She complains that the wealthy â€Å"drag our men into their wars† (p. 92). Simon’s memories of the war in Scene Four reinforce her complaint as he witnessed his brothers slain around him for the sake of the Duke’s cause. Grusha tries to disguise herself as an upper class lady when she escapes, but she is found out when she knows how to make beds. The women look at her hands and know she works for a living. The servant at the inn sympathizes with her, saying, it is hard to pretend to be â€Å"a lazy useless person . . . once they suspect you can wipe your own arse . . . the game’s up† (Scene Three, p. 32). Natella Abashvili becomes the stereotyped and heartless noble lady who can only run around picking out the right dresses to pack and berating the servants while her husband is being executed and her son is abandoned. In court, Natella’s notion of motherhood has to do with station. She wants her son back so they can be restored to their estate. She only notices what the child is wearing and is shocked to see him in rags. When Azdak asks Grusha if she wouldn’t like the child to be rich, she thinks to herself it is better for him to be poor than to mistreat the poor: â€Å"Hunger he will dread/ Not those who go unfed† (Scene 6, p. 94). He will not always have to be afraid of who is going to chop off his head, as was done to his father, because of a power struggle or because he was unjust to others. Human Sympathy What is it that can heal class divisions? The play answers that human sympathy makes everyone equally valuable. Grusha does not hate Michael because he is the son of the Governor, who oppresses everyone. She is won over because he is a baby, like any other: â€Å"He looks at you like a human being† (Scene 2, p. 23). When Grusha sits with the baby all night trying to consider what to do with it, she hears it call to her as if saying: â€Å"Don’t you know woman, that she who does not listen to a cry for help/ But passes by shutting her ears, will never hear/ The gentle call of a lover† (Scene 2, p. 24). When she risks her life for the child’s, the Singer asks, â€Å"How will the merciful escape the merciless/ The bloodhounds, the trappers? Grusha does get some sympathy along the highway. A peasant woman was willing to take the child until the Ironshirts came. The servant at the inn tried to give her food. The merchants wanted to help her cross the ravine or take the child so she could go on. Her brother gives her a roof for as long as he dares and arranges a marriage for her. Yussup takes in both her and the child without asking questions. She is given partial help but she is the one who has to sacrifice her whole life for Michael. The child would not have survived but for her. She wants to tell Simon this when he comes for her but only thinks it: â€Å"I had to tear myself to pieces for what was not mine/ But alien. / Someone must be the helper† (Scene 4, p. 60). Grusha deserves to be Michael’s mother because of what she passes on to him. From her, his inheritance will not be money or rank, but wisdom: â€Å"I’ve brought him up according to my best knowledge and conscience . . . I brought up the child to be friendly with everyone. And from the beginning, I taught him to work as well as he could† (Scene 6, pp. 88, 89). She wants him to treat others humanely, and that is a priceless gift for him and the future. Azdak recognizes this humanity in Grusha, demonstrated by her unselfish letting go of the child’s arm so she won’t hurt it. Azdak himself is the other great example of human sympathy as he risks his own life for two years to help the poor. It is a great and comic juggling act he performs with great humility. In the case of Granny, for instance, who claims the stolen cow, ham, and waiving of the rent were â€Å"miracles,† Azdak fines the farmers for not believing in miracles. He sits on the floor with Granny and the bandit, treating them as equals. He calls Granny â€Å"Little Mother† or â€Å"Mother Grusinia,† seeing her as the suffering poor. The Singer says, â€Å"So, so, so, so Azdak / Makes miracles come true† (Scene 5, p. 77). Miracles are not supernatural events for Brecht, but human acts. Justice The play uses the dilemma of the child, and the debate of the communes over the valley, to ask, what is Justice? Who should get the child? Who should get the land? Azdak the fool, who is made into a Judge, works his way through to an answer. It is not an expected or a ready-made answer, for, as the Singer comments, â€Å"Truth is a black cat/ In a windowless room at midnight/ and Justice a blind bat† (Scene 5, p. Justice will never come from â€Å"willing Judges† like Prince Kazbeki’s nephew ( Scene 5, p. 75). Azdak’s antics, such as demanding bribes in the court from the rich, comments on the accepted corruption. He says, â€Å"It’s good for Justice to do it in the open† as he moves around in a caravan among the people (Scene 5, p. 75). Everything he does or says satirizes the court system. He asks Grusha, â€Å"You want justice, but do you want to pay for it? When you go to the butcher, you know you have to pay (Scene 6, p. 91). The rich are used to equating money and rank with truth, but it is their truth, not impartial Justice. Out of Azdak’s comic theater in the courtroom, he creates a crazy logic so that the people who need help get it, despite the law. â€Å"His balances were crooked,† says the Singer (Scene 6, p. 77). Grusha, not understanding Azdak’s intent, scolds him for being corrupt. She claims that what would be true justice is to choose â€Å"only bloodsuckers and men who rape children† for judges as a punishment to make them â€Å"sit in judgment over their fellow men, which is worse than swinging from the gallows† (Scene 6, p. Judging is a punishment to an unjust man who will only blacken himself with hypocrisy. This is the justice the poor are used to. Azdak’s reply to her is, â€Å"I’ve noticed that you have a weak spot for justice† (Scene 6, p. 93). After Azdak rules in Grusha’s favor, the Singer states the principle of Justice that Azdak uses: â€Å"what there is shall belong to those who are good for it, thus/ The children to the maternal . . . the valley to the waterers† (Scene 6, p. 97). The play opens and closes with true justice served. Essay Questions What is Brecht’s concept of epic theater? Because Brecht was a Marxist, he did not like the classical Aristotelian concept of theater as a drama focusing on the story of individual characters. In traditional drama, the audience has a vicarious experience through identification with certain characters that ends with an emotional catharsis. The audience leaves with its personal experience of the drama and does not think about society as a whole. Brecht’s epic theater hopes to do the opposite—it increases the scope to let the audience witness, rather than identify with, the forces of history, and thereby creates a rational reflection on social conditions. Brecht wanted a critical response that would make spectators want to change the world. Theater should be a teaching and political forum. In order to create this new theater, Brecht breaks the dramatic illusion of reality. The spectators should be reminded they are watching a constructed play (such as the play within a play in Caucasian Chalk Circle), because they should understand that all reality is a human construct, and thus can be changed. One way to break the dramatic illusion is through the â€Å"alienation† or â€Å"defamiliarization† effect. The event portrayed is made strange in different ways, such as having characters address the audience directly, or by the use of harsh lighting, by having songs comment on the action, by using camera projections and signs, by speaking the stage directions aloud, or by having a narrator on stage. Brecht also uses what he called â€Å"separation of the elements,† in which the words, music, and sets are self-contained artistic expressions, combining to produce an overlapping montage rather than a unified effect. Brecht was influenced by the subject matter and techniques of Charlie Chaplin and Soviet filmmaker, Sergei Eisenstein. He learned the techniques of avant-garde theater from his mentor, Erwin Piscator. In addition, his epic theater expressed Marxist ideals by being a theater collective rather than the work of individuals. The playwright exchanged ideas with composers, artists, singers, and actors. Brecht wrote the text with such collaborators as Elisabeth Hauptmann, Margarete Steffin, Ruth Berlau, and Emil Burri. Brecht’s techniques have influenced other writers and filmmakers such as Peter Brook, Peter Weiss, Robert Bolt, Jean-Luc Godard, Nagisa Oshima, and Lars von Trier. How does Marxism influence The Caucasian Chalk Circle? Brecht was a Marxist, and his work reflects this philosophy, formulated by Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883) and Friedrich Engels (1820-1895), the most famous statement of which is The Communist Manifesto (1848). Marxism is a materialist philosophy that denies any supernatural forces shaping human life. History is therefore a struggle between classes for the means of production and distribution of goods. Marx criticized capitalism as exploiting the workers, because ownership was in the hands of the few. The laborers have to sell their services to capitalists and are not given a fair share of what they themselves produce. Private ownership, Marx felt, must be abolished to create a fair society. Marx advocated revolution by the proletariat or workers against the bourgeoisie, or capitalists, to advance to the next stage of civilization in which the workers would dominate. He saw civilization evolving in stages (the historical dialectic): first, primitive or tribal communism; then slavery with an aristocracy; feudalism with peasants and lords; capitalism with bourgeosie and proletariat; socialism where private property was abolished; and finally, true communism where there would be no property and no supervising state. Inequality would be abolished for good. Exploitation is demonstrated in the play with Grusha and the other servants and peasants doing all the work, and the Governor and his wife doing nothing to contribute to society. The Marxist concept of alienation is demonstrated by the ruling classes losing their humanity or feeling of kinship with others. The Governor’s wife only sees her child as the means to get the inheritance. The ruling classes are contrasted with the common people who appear more human; the rulers seem monstrously selfish and insensitive. The military and the judges support the princes and governors. Even as the princes fight among themselves for power and create chaos with their wars, the common people suffer, and no government is better than another. According to Marxism, however, the forces of history are not static, and we hear of the revolt of the carpet weavers in Nukha in Scene Five. Their revolt is short-lived, but when Azdak becomes the Judge and rules in favor of the poor people, it predicts the time coming when the people will be victorious. What is the underlying structure of the play and what is the purpose of the prologue? Brecht uses a frame story in the prologue, where the workers of the Rosa Luxemburg Commune are putting on the Chalk Circle play. In the main drama, Brecht cobbled together two tales into one: part one sets up the chalk circle motif of the rival mothers derived from a fourteenth century Chinese play and the judgment of Solomon in the Bible (told in scenes 2-4, 6), and part two is Azdak’s story that resolves the dilemma (scenes 5-6), apparently derived from Brecht’s own imagination and folklore. There had already been a version of â€Å"The Chalk Circle† in German by Alfred Henschke (also known as Klabund) in 1925, which differed from Brecht’s by making the biological mother win the test. Brecht disliked Klabund’s sentimental tone and worked on his own revision of the story, experimenting with settings in Denmark and Germany, before choosing to set the story in medieval Georgia, with the prologue in Soviet Georgia, after World War II. At first, the frame story took place in 1934 without reference to the Nazis, but then, he moved the time of the frame story to after the war. Using Soviet Georgia as the frame in the prologue caused problems in the United States where the play was first performed in English during the Cold War. The play had to be performed without the prologue referring to the Soviet communes, leaving it as a mere retelling of the fables. Brecht felt this destroyed the play and thereafter the prologue was treated as a vital part rather than a tacked-on afterthought, as some claimed it was, to make the play more Communist. The prologue is necessary because it sets up the occasion for the telling of the chalk circle story, and Brecht wanted the setting to be a real one: â€Å"this parable-like play has got to be derived from real-life needs† (Notes by Brecht, p. 104). Brecht claimed that the fable the Singer tells the workers is not meant to be a literal parable. The two Communist collectives arguing over a piece of land solve their differences amicably without war before the play starts, and the story is a simply a celebration of their just decision. Brecht calls the prologue a â€Å"background† and the fable a â€Å"true narrative† that contains â€Å"a particular kind of wisdom† (Notes by Brecht, p. The Singer Arkadi says, â€Å"old and new wisdom mix very well† (sc. 1, p. 8). The foreground of the play (the chalk circle story) and the background of the play (the modern Soviet communes) come together to display the forces of history. The workers in present-day Soviet Georgia hear a tale about their ancestors in medieval Georgia who were exploited. The fair judging of Azdak in favor of the peasants foretells their own time of greater justice under the Soviet collective system. How are the characters of Grusha and Azdak important to the message of the play? Brecht comments on Grusha that she is a â€Å"sucker† (Notes by Brecht, p. 100) for taking on the child since it nearly costs her own life and dreams. Grusha, like the workers and peasants, only pays and pays and pays without getting anything back, for the child is not even hers. She is a â€Å"producer† who gets none of the fruits, like the proletariat. Brecht comments that Grusha does not expect justice from Azdak; she just wants â€Å"to go on producing, in other words to pay more† (p. 101). After the hearing, â€Å"She is no longer a sucker† (p. 101). Like the other poor people Azdak has helped, she gets back some of the fruits of her labor and gets back her self-respect. She is accepted by Simon, though she had to break her promise to wait for him, for the sake of the child. Their new family unit represents a constructed or just family that rejects the old prejudices and notions of ownership. The child is divorced from a mother that only wants to gain money from it and given to the woman who loves it. Grusha is divorced from the farmer who married her for his own convenience and given to a man who loves her. Simon takes on a woman and a child who are not technically â€Å"his† in the conventional sense, but he appreciates them and is the proper father and husband. This accords with the Marxist idea of economics and justice, of reassigning property and social roles to be more just and fair. It does not matter what went before or who has â€Å"owned† something in the past. On the other hand, Grusha has earned her reward. Brecht remarks that â€Å"Bit by bit, by making sacrifices, not least of herself, Grusha becomes transformed into a mother for the child† (p. 104). Like the people themselves who make sacrifices, suddenly the tide turns, as Marx predicts. Through small quantitative changes, there is a sudden qualitative change. This is the historical dialectic, the process of evolution, and the character of Azdak becomes the means for that to happen in the play. In every case he judges, there is a sudden shift from the side of the dominant landowner to the poor peasant. Azdak is the trickster figure who turns the law upside down. His Robin Hood justice is the Marxist kind that will be rendered by the sudden shift of history, illustrated by the carpet weaver’s revolution in Nukha. Brecht’s directions call for an actor who can portray â€Å"an utterly upright man† (p. 102) to play the part of Azdak. He is â€Å"a disappointed revolutionary posing as a human wreck, like Shakespeare’s wise men who act the fool† (p. 102). But, Brecht comments, â€Å"Azdak is the disappointed man who is not going to cause disappointment in others† (p. 105). He risks his life, like Grusha, to be human and to make a difference. That is the only way justice can come, Brecht insinuates. The Caucasian Chalk Circle by Bertolt Brecht Leave a reply The Caucasian Chalk Circle by Brecht uses epic theatre to bring forth an idea or meaning for the audience to consider while entertaining the audience. Epic theatre involves the use of alienation techniques to distance the viewer from the story but still concentrate on the overall meaning. The person who just views the story would likely take it as fantasy and not reach the true depth of the play. Brecht shocks the viewer by making the events and actions in the play â€Å"strange and abstract† this contrasts with dramatic plays where the audience sympathises and relates to the characters of the play. The theme throughout the play is natural justice versus class justice. The title has links to other parables and stories before it. The Chalk Circle, a Chinese play involved a legal action where the false claimant was granted custody due a bribe to claim her dead husbands estate. This however was overturned by the emperor, the guarantor of the law, in a retrial as the emperor was the father. This particular story is a whisper to the result of Grusha’s trial. The emperor is portrayed as the epitome of justice and gives a true verdict. The trial scene is also adapted from the parable of King Solomon. Solomon the paragon of justice and truth oversees the trial of two mothers, one child is dead the other alive, they seek custody of the alive child. The king asks the child to be cut in half, the real mother relinquishes her claim and thus gains custody of her rightful child. In these two whispers the law is shown to be equated with justice, however Brecht seeks to highlight that within Grusinia this is not the case and it takes a greedy Azdak who despises the upper classes to give a just Verdict. The class justice presented in the novel has close links to the Marxist view of the law, with the law serving all, but in reality it protects and secures the interests of the ruling classes. The play seeks to emphasise that within this class justice the poor can only gain justice under exceptional circumstances. Azdak as the judge and arbiter of justice has come to this position only through a matter of chances and mistakes. Firstly he harbours the Grand Duke from Shauva, then he confesses to the Ironshirts only to be made judge because the Duke escaped. Then through shear chance just before his execution the Duke redeems him and makes him judge, finally making him the arbiter of justice between Natasha Abashvilli and Grusha. This shows that the poor class can only get justice under a system of whims and extraordinary circumstances and that justice is intrinsically linked to a series of chances and not linked to the law as it should be in a feudal regime. Azdak finally decides in Grusha’s favour on the spur of the moment, the chalk circle is a real test, and it is through this test that Azdak decides the child’s fate. In order to entertain the audience, Brecht sought to keep the verdict in flux, keeping the audience in suspense as to the final outcome. Azdak although seen as the arbiter of justice between Natasha Abashvilli and Grusha is shown throughout the play as greedy and corrupt when dealing with the upper classes. The humour that Azdak displays toward the upper class is entertaining, he constantly refers to them as â€Å"arse-holes.. sows.. well-born stinkers. † This anal imagery is continued right through the novel. Azdak is so disgusted by the odours the upper classes emit that he occasionally â€Å"before passing judgement, I went out and sniffed the roses. † This helps Azdak give the verdicts he gives to the â€Å"monied classes† such as the Invalid, and the landowner. He swindles them into giving him money for a bribe then turns about and gives a contradicting verdict against the upper classes. This duplicity when passing judgement is seen by the audience but the lower classes see that for once the law is on their side. This is the final hint that Grusha will get the child, as she is good for the child and will continue to do good for the child, contrasting to Natasha Abashvilla’s intent to get the child only to keep her late husband’s estate. The singer sums up the meaning of the entire play, linking the prologue with the stories of Azdak and Grusha. â€Å"That what there is shall belong to those who are good for it, thus the children to the maternal, that they thrive; the carriages to good drivers, that they are driven well; and the valley to the waterers, that it shall bear fruit. † Brecht in the play seeks to highlight the difference between justice and the law within Grusinia. The feudal society, or Marxist society, is shown to have harder implications for the poor than the even distribution of wealth which is the main emphasis of the Marxist state. The Marxist law is not equated with justice for all rather justice for the upper classes, or class justice, where the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.

Career and Employibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Career and Employibility - Essay Example This degree will also furnish me with the skills that will enable me to function efficiently and optimally in the organizations I work in the future. The third year will be completed in June 2013 To solicit a job in some reputed and big firm like Microsoft, Apple, HSBC, Google, Toyota, etc. To be willing to be mobile while hunting for jobs and to be willing to work at places which do full justice to my aspirations and skills, either in the UK or in some other country. To draft a perfect and practical CV and covering letter by procuring the services of some good professional organization. To proactively look for job opportunities in prestigious companies located across the world. To prepare for the interviews by seeking help of my teachers and colleagues. To actively engage in online tests designed by the professionals affiliated to placement firms. I am quite confident that once I manage to come out with an engaging CV and covering letter and submit it to the selected companies, I wi ll definitely get calls for interviews and assessments. Besides, the pains I will take in drafting my CV and covering letters and the hard work I put in the preparation for my interviews and assessments, this will bolster my chances of ending up with a desirable job in a good concern. Also, the hard work I have already put in grasping the conceptual aspects of my course and in understanding their practical ramifications, I am sure I will be able to meet any professional responsibility that will be assigned to me. November 2012 till January 2014 To make out time for participating in the real time businesses being carried on by my family members in the UK, to try to acquire the organizational skills, which will strengthen my theoretical knowledge and to seek a firsthand experience as to how businesses operate To dedicate a minimal of 12-15 hours helping some family member engaged in a business in the UK. To so organize my schedule that it may not hamper my studies. To work hard for th e acquisition of organizational skills, to actively engage with the customers at least on weekends and also to study the strategies being pursued by the competitors so as to be able to understand how consumer choices and expectations have a direct influence on the way businesses operate. Once I acquire multiple skills through my degree and by practically engaging in family businesses, I am confident that this will not only hone my career possibilities, but will also enable me to graduate to running my own business in the near future. These efforts will hone the entrepreneurial skills lying dormant within me. This practical engagement in a family business will facilitate me with skills and abilities in varied aspects of the business world and will also help me thoroughly understand as to how capitalist economies and markets work. June 2013 Engaging experiences; The very process of seeking employment in a big company like Microsoft or Google will not only directly help my career prosp ects, but will also allow me to seek higher positions in comparatively upstart companies expected to do well in the times to come. First and foremost to seek a placement in a big and reputed firm to bolster my brand appeal

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Purposes and strategies of Johnson's Great Society program - Essay Example To serve aforementioned purpose it was important to form a strategy viable for people living in such a quagmire. During the years of Kennedy it was not explicit that the promised equality of 1863 could be served. Yet Johnsons’ era was indeed remarkable. Johnson being a proponent of equal rights enacted Civil Rights Act of 1964 right after 5 years of Kennedy’s assassination. This act was to ensure implementation of emancipation proclamation of 1863 in spirit. It is pertinent to mention that women rights and gender discrimination was an important agenda of the change. The act prohibited discrimination in institutions like hospitals, schools and public accommodations like hotels, theaters and restaurants. It helped in obliterating the discrimination in employment giving a big blow to economic injustice. It also banned gender discrimination which transformed the society in an entirely new way. The proposed strategy was governmental action to promote welfare. This ‘New Deal’ through Medicaid and Medicare and Equal employment Opportunity Commission, National Endowments and National Public Broadcast Network needed federal funds ultimately completed and extended the agenda. Contortions in status quo caused a well steered civil rights movements and awareness campaigns. Similarly women rights also instigated a social change which directly diffused into American Culture. The Vietnam Campaign caused serious blow to the political ideology that prolonged the war, in fact they surprised the military leader of the US.

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My Diet Analysis - Term Paper Example The analysis is in two parts, part I deals with the written diet and the motivation codes while the last, part II is where I have done diet analysis. Part I involves three steps of the written diet. Firstly, all that is eaten and drunk for the last three days successively on breakfast includes apple, peas, natural flavor, and pie spiced. For snacks, there was consumption of toaster, coffee, doughnut, glazed spaghetti, pizza, tomato and meatballs, corn flake crust, turkey cheese, fruit cocktail, and brown sugar. The foods taken during the dinner times in the three days included sandwich, chicken, pasta dish, hamburger helper, and fruit cocktail. The foods contained carbohydrates of about 48%, proteins of about 19%, and fats of 33%. The main activities engaged include running, pushups, jogging, and conditioning. All these exercises ensure that enough calories are burnt from the body and enhance the physical fitness. The average time for the exercise is about 30 minutes every day. It is noted that after consuming certain foods like carbohydrate, there was a lot of energy due to a high-calorie intake. A lot of sweating is also noted when fats are consumed. The presented food in the menu form on each day is presented in the table below. The foods have got respective codes entered ranging from A to I that gives the motivation behind consuming that particular food. It is noted that the total grams of fiber intake per day are 6.14 grams while the recommended intake per day is 45.63 grams. Due to this inefficiency of fiber, I would recommend for the realistic intake of high fiber foods like the apples with their skin, dried figs, taking in some banana and grapefruit. This would increase the fiber content in the diet. There should be an intake of both soluble fiber and insoluble fiber food, which enhances our health generally. Soluble fiber readily dissolves in water and forms a gel-like substance which slows digestion.

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Business Finance - SOURC ES OF FUNDS AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE - Research Paper Example In this type of funding, the hire purchaser or hirer receives the property or good instantaneously after signing the purchase agreement. However, the ownership gets transferred fully after finishing the last instalment payment. Leasing The procedure of lease financing includes procurement of various assets by means of taking lease. Lease means one contract in which the ownership, the funding linked with the asset or the equipment and the risk taking are totally separated and shared by two or greater than two parties. In case of lease financing the lessor finances and the lessee accepts the risk, involved by utilization of the asset or equipment taken on lease, whereas a third party actually owns it. Another alternative way is that the lessor would own as well as finance the asset or equipment, whereas the lessee would enjoy using it along with bearing certain amount of risk. This type of transaction includes commercial arrangement in which the equipment owner possesses the right to t he asset or equipment user for utilising it in return of fixed rental. Long term sources of funds Long term sources of raising funds mainly include those sources which are needed for longer span of time. These types of financing activities are mainly associated with fund expansion projects. These projects are complex in nature and need huge sources for the funding activities. It is because of this reason that the organizations use long term sources for raising the funds. In many cases, the organizations do not make use of one single source of financing. The main long term sources of raising funds are: Equity Shares The equity shares form an essential part while considering the ownership of any particular company (Walter 3). When any business decides to expand its operation, it issues high number of shares, in order to raise the fund needed for effective implementation of the desired plan. This type of investment is an important source of raising the funds and it provides the investo rs with a certain portion of company’s profit along with taking part in taking company’s decisions (Hafer and Hein 15). This strategy of rising the funding by an organization out-performs all other strategies (Fontanills and Gentile 1; Rosen 8). When the earnings of a company are high, the stock prices increase resulting in higher profitability for the company as well as the investors. If the company originates from growing market then raising of fund by issuing its equity shares turns out to be highly profitable. However, when there is economic downturn the shares of the companies remain at high risk in spite of their high brand value and strong management. Preference shares Issue of preference shares is another way of raising fund where the dividends are payable on the shares at the fixed rate and paid only in case of earning of profit by them. Thus, there remains no obligatory burden for the company (â€Å"Methods of Raising Capital†). But these shares do not possess voting rights. Debentures The companies have power of